2023年山东成人高考专升本英语复习笔记：动词(2)

　　一般过去时

　　一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况，包括过去的习惯性动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：a minute ago， yesterday， last week， in 1990， during the night， in those days. 用过去时时， 说"过多少时间之后"， 一般用 after， 不用in.

　　一般过去时的谓语形式：

　　1.动词为实义动词时，谓语用动词的过去式，否定句在原形前加did not， 疑问句加助动词did. 如：

　　John suddenly fell ill yesterday.(fall-fell-fallen)

　　My mother didn't look well when I saw her last time.

　　It happened after four days.

　　Did they go to Canada last week?

　　Nothing happened since then.

　　He went out just now.(just now 刚才)

　　A book that cost a few jiao several years ago is worth 30 yuan now.

　　2.动词为be， 主语是I 或第三人称单数时，谓语用was， 其他情况用were. 如

　　They were classmates when they were ten years old.

　　She was once a doctor but now she has retired .

　　Why were you absent from school yesterday?

　　3. 动词为have 时，肯定句谓语用had. 表示"有"时，否定句可用had not，疑问句将had 提至主语前面，也可与have作实义动词时相同，即否定句用didn't have， 疑问句加助动词did.如：

　　They didn't have any money left and they couldn't afford the house.

　　She didn't have any rest at noon and continued to work.

　　Did you have dinner with Mr. Wang at that famous restaurant the day before yesterday?

　　We had a big factory forty years ago.

　　1. John was finishing his assignments when his father _______ home from work.

　　A. came B. comes C. has come D. is coming

　　主句为过去时，状语从句也为过去时。

　　答案 A

　　2. The first zoological garden in the United States _________ in Philadelphia in 1874.(zoo)

　　A. had established B. has established

　　C. was established D. established

　　考试时应先考虑句子是主动还是被动，然后再考虑时态。

　　动物园应该是被建

　　A、D都是主动语态。

　　答案 C

　　(三)现在进行时

　　现在进行时主要表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。可与now， at present， at this moment， these days等时间状语连用。

　　现在进行时的谓语形式：am / is / are +现在分词。

　　What are you doing， Jack?

　　We're trying to plan our future.

　　The train is now rapidly approaching the city.(approach 接近)

　　Life is changing all the time.

　　The woman who is standing here is my mother.

　　动词go， come， leave， stay， arrive， die 等用于进行时态中，可以表示将要进行的动作。

　　The bus is leaving， please hurry up.

　　It's going to rain. Don't forget to take the umbrella.

　　My uncle is coming to see us this weekend.

　　The boy is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.(leave for 动身)

　　1. Health experts in many countries still ________ their ideas about the relationships between our food and our health.

　　A. have tested B. tested C. are testing D. test

　　still(仍旧)一般用于进行时。

　　still一般放在系动词后面，实义动词前面。

　　答案 C

　　2. What is this noise? Tell me what _______ here.

　　A. went on B. goes on C. is going on D. will go on

　　答案 C